[15], The proper solution, Malcolm X said, was to elevate the struggle of African Americans from one of civil rights to one of human rights. Likewise, by stating his continued commitment to Black nationalism, Malcolm reassured his followers that he had not made a complete break with his past. Dixicrats: a southern segregationist faction of the Democratic Party. X's purpose is to awaken the black . Intentional repitition of the same grammatical structure, which may also include a repeated word or phrase, in the same structural position at least three times in nearby sentences or segments of a sentence. "The Ballot or the Bullet" asks African Americans to put aside their differences and work together to redefine their civil rights as human rights so they can plead their case to the United Nations. Like Malcolm X, whenever he has been an orphan at the young age, but he never stop to learn and study. At his press conference, Malcolm X said that "in areas where our people are the constant victims of brutality, and the government seems unable or unwilling to protect them, we should form rifle clubs that can be used to defend our lives and our property in times of emergency". [21], Malcolm X referred to "the type of Black man on the scene in America today [who] doesn't intend to turn the other cheek any longer",[9] and warned that if politicians failed to keep their promises to African Americans, they made violence inevitable:[22]. Instead, he was going to emphasize the common experience of African Americans of all faiths:[8]. In this first section of the speech, Malcolm relies on appealing to the pride of the African-American community, particularly through language centering on the emasculation of black peoples and the necessity of relying on brute force over peaceful protest. He emphasizes that the Negro vote is the key factor (para 12) that it is the only reason why they Democratic Party is a part of the government. He explains to the black community that they the government hold their rights to vote because the senators fear that if the Negros are allowed to vote those senators will become powerless. In the speech "The Ballot or the Bullet" Malcolm X utilizes antithesis, allusion, and metaphors in order to convince his audience to take a stand against segregation whether peacefully, if possible, and if not, by force. The bill was passed by the House on February 10, 1964, and sent to the Senate for consideration. was the black mans vote that put the present administration in Washington, D.C. Malcolm speaks out to all who are willing to obtain their civil rights.In Ballot or Bullet Malcolm X uses Anaphora, Antithesis, Ethical Appeal, Word choice, and Rhetorical question to show the lack of support from government and how coming together can help fight back. It can be argued that groups such as The Black Panthers, who adopted many of the beliefs in "The Ballot or the Bullet," were formed due to this speech. He also explains that if the government continues to take away the rights of African-Americans, that the entire population of African-Americans should take up arms. Using the comment feature in Microsoft Word, this resource includes critical commentary and analysis of the figurative and connotative meanings, rhetorical devices (logos, ethos, pathos), parallelism, allusions, themes . Correct the word in italics. repetition of the first word of a clause at the end of the same clause, intentional repitition of 3 or more consanant sounds among nearby words, "If we don't do something real soon, I think you'll have to agree that we're going to be forced either to use the ballot or the bullet. If he waits too long he will be responsible for letting a condition develop in this country which will create a climate that will bring seeds up out of the ground with vegetation on the end of them looking like something these people never dreamed of. He likens his status as a Muslim to Dr. Martin Luther King Jr.s as a Christian, knowing that in the past, his own religious affiliation has been a point of contention; he and Dr. King may have different ways of worshipping, but they are both known as civil rights leaders. Malcolm X invokes one American dream while condemning another. intentional balancing clauses within a sentence to create equality of development between ideas (a.k.a. Some examples of rhetorical questions that help structure the speech are: The question tonight, as I understand it, is The Negro Revolt, and Where Do We Go From Here? or What Nex. "Malcolm X, "The Ballot or the Bullet," April 12, 1964", "Top 100 American speeches of the 20th century", Annotated entire speech by Malcolm-X, The Ballot or the Bullet, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=The_Ballot_or_the_Bullet&oldid=1116556108, This page was last edited on 17 October 2022, at 04:47. The Ballot or the Bullet study guide contains a biography of Malcolm X, literature essays, quiz questions, major themes, characters, and a full summary and analysis. Malcolm X emphasizes Black Nationalism as a way to help African Americans gain political, economic, and social control over their communities. Malcolm X uses this device extensively in his speech, as it helps him illustrate points related to the Civil Rights Movement and the need to fight by any means necessary to promote Afric. Did Malcolm X believe the Democrats wanted to help African Americans achieve equal rights? "1 What, if anything, do you think Malcolm X hopes to accomplish by quoting Abraham Lincoln and Patrick Henry and establishing African American protests as legal according to the Supreme Court? If the black community throws their support behind a single candidate, as they did behind Kennedy, that candidate will win. According to Malcolm X, 1964 is the year of the ballot or the bullet not only because it is the year of what he considers a failed march on Washington, but because it is an election year, and because there is a new generation of African-Americans who are no longer willing to be subjugated. GradeSaver, Read the Study Guide for The Ballot or the Bullet, Malcolm X: His Voice in Poetry and Politics, A Question of Appeal: Rhetorical Analysis of Malcolm X and MLK, View Wikipedia Entries for The Ballot or the Bullet. The social philosophy of black nationalism advocates for reform of the community and reconstruction of it so it is more welcoming:[18]. Narrator and Point of View Malcolm X narrates the speech from a first-person point of view. ", indicating your audience may suffer harm/negative consequence if they dont agree with you, "The year when all of the political white crooks will" (The Ballet or the Bullet), "All these Negro leaders have the audacity to go and have some coffee in the White House with a Texan, a Southern cracker" (The Ballot or the Bullet). Littles speech has a significant lack of logic; although, it is a clever move to predominantly use emotional appeal due to his motive - to incite anger in America and to showcase the government's faults. One sentence he said stuck out like a sore thumb. The Ballot or the Bullet study guide contains a biography of Malcolm X, literature essays, quiz questions, major themes, characters, and a full summary and analysis. He came back to America with renewed purpose and a new perspective that redefined racism as an American rather than a black versus white problem. Will you pass the quiz? Free and expert-verified textbook solutions. Although "The Ballot or the Bullet" advocates self-defense, it discusses non-violent ways of achieving equal rights for African Americans. Your vote, your dumb vote, your ignorant vote, your wasted vote put administration in Washington D.C. His repetition of your followed by a negative adjective and vote made his parallel structure apparent he used your to throw shade on african americans and how they complain about our white presidents. "The Ballot or the Bullet" is a speech that Malcolm X first delivered at Cory Methodist Church in Cleveland, Ohio, on April 3, 1964. 1483 Words6 Pages. Let the world know the hypocrisy that's practiced over here. And anyone who puts forth any effort to deprive you of that which is yours, is breaking the law, is a criminal. In the speech, he uses colorful language and straight talk to drive his messages surrounding voting rights, self-defense, and what he believed were worthwhile goals of the Civil Rights Movement home to his audience. Tell him, don't wait until election time. In "The Ballot or the Bullet," Malcolm X clarifies that African Americans have no inherent bias toward the white man; they are "anti-exploitation . In addition, Malcolm X intended his characteristic use of language and imagery to disguise his conceptions of society and history[28] in new ways to put issues into his perspective for his audience and inspire activism. He is not here today to discuss his relationship with God, but to speak about black nationalism. ", "Not only is he a crook, he's a hypocrite. [6], Malcolm also chose not to discuss the religious differences that divide Muslims and Christians, a common theme of his speeches when he was the spokesman for the Nation of Islam. Malcolm asserts that African Americans have earned their rights because they've secured massive wealth for the United States by working for free as enslaved people. Underline the word in parentheses that correctly completes the sentence. Don't be throwing out any ballots. an ideology that African Americans should separate from white America and form their own institutions. Imagine living in a world of segregation - constantly judged by color of ones skin and not being permitted to associate with the superior race. [5] The Nation of Islam, which advocated on behalf of African Americans, had significant disagreements with the Civil Rights Movement. Their eyes are coming open. Set individual study goals and earn points reaching them. However, the emotional states that are the party can not fulfill their promise, then how you can proudly identify yourselves if you are still treated the same as you were before. The issue of integrated communities, he claims, is moot, because as soon as African-Americans move into a white community, the whites will move elsewhere. George Washington and Patrick Henry didnt win the American revolution, the soldiers did. For example, in the third paragraph of the excerpt, X strikes a blow at the government which [deprives the black community] of [their] voting rights, economic opportunities, housing, and, On April 12, 1964, Malcom X gives The Ballot or the Bullet speech at Cory Methodist Church in Detroit, Michigan. Malcolm X closes by defining his goal as a Black Nationalist who wants African Americans to gain political, economic, and social control over their communities. It's time now for you and me to become more politically mature and realize what the ballot is for; what we're supposed to get when we cast a ballot; and that if we don't cast a ballot, it's going to end up in a situation where we're going to have to cast a bullet. Lyndon B. Johnson is the head of the Democratic Party. JCBEdPRO. The tone is provocative and righteous. It means that when white people are evenly divided, and Black people have a bloc of votes of their own, it is left up to them to determine who's going to sit in the White House and who's going to be in the dog house. His name was Malcolm Little (known as Malcolm X), a widely acknowledged human rights activist. "The Ballot or the Bullet" has several purposes, a well-defined audience, and several rhetorical devices like logos. Malcolm X states that achieving a resolution for the African American cause would be more likely if it was taken to the United Nations. An old woman can sit. [21] He advised his listeners to be mindful of the law "This doesn't mean you're going to get a rifle and form battalions and go out looking for white folks that would be illegal and we don't do anything illegal" but he said that if white people didn't want African Americans to arm themselves, the government should do its job. "The Ballot or the Bullet" also marked a notable shift in Malcolm X's rhetoric, as he presented previously undiscussed ways of looking at the relationship between blacks and whites. The local governments of the African-American communities should be managed by African Americans. We have to see each other as brothers and sisters. Through repetition of inflammatory phrases and accusatory diction both which create appeals to anger, Malcolm X effectively persuades his audience during The Ballot Or The Bullet.. A coward can sit. He states that African Americans continue to struggle because the Democrats and Republicans work together to deny African Americans their rights. African Americans should be "re-educated into the science of politics" in order to understand the importance and effect of the vote they cast:[12]. Douglass received an invitation to speak at a Fourth of July celebration in his hometown, and the speech he gave called out the hypocrisy of celebrating freedom as a country while millions of its residents are enslaved. At the time, blacks did not have much say in who they wanted to elect. In America at the time The Ballot or the Bullet was given, segregation was still occurring. "The Ballot or the Bullet" is the title of a public speech by human rights activist Malcolm X.In the speech, which was delivered on two occasions the first being April 3, 1964, at the Cory Methodist Church in Cleveland, Ohio and the second being on April 12th 1964 at the King Solomon Baptist Church, in Detroit, Michigan. Instead of promoting peace to solve problems, Malcolm X used violence when necessary to get his points across to his audience. This is meant to send a warning to the American government, cautioning them that African Americans are willin. Malcolm X uses "if-then" statements and examples designed to evoke emotion to appeal to his audience. For instance he describes the African population in America as "Africans who are in America." . Malcolm X uses strong diction along with parallelism in this speech to emphasize the problem of racial inequality in America. The current dispute mandate runs out on 6 May, and so the new ballot will run from 20 March until 9 May. in "the Ballot or the Bullet" with Malcom X. what made the speaker qualified to give this speech. Due to the lack of government the dichotomy between african americans and the white men was still a major problem ; as African americans needed to put and end to the separation and earn civil rights. Malcolm provides an economic summary of black nationalism: African-Americans should buy from African-American owned and operated businesses so as to feed the prosperity of their own communities and lift the levelto a higher levelso that we will be satisfied in our own circles and wont be running around here to knock our way into a social circle where were not wanted. This economic attitude is in keeping with the larger social and political attitudes of separatism that marked black nationalism, which claimed that integration would only result in further oppression of black peoples and advocated, as the name suggests, for entirely separate and self-governed communities. He declares himself to be a black nationalist freedom fighter.. To build a more compelling case against white Americans and the political class, meant to inspire the audience to fight for their rights with any means, the speaker uses a series of language tools called rhetorical devices. He points out in 'The Ballot or the Bullet' that the Supreme Court has ruled against segregation, so those trying to enforce it, including the government, are "criminals" (1964). Though he holds different religious beliefs from King and Powell, all three men are united by their prodigious work as civil rights advocates. given on July 5, 1852. That old Uncle Tom action is outdated. Malcolm X's speech "The Ballot or the Bullet" is intended to encourage African Americans to take the Civil Rights Movement forward and become even more determined in actively fighting for their rights. Deliberate use of many conjunctions for special emphasis. In June 1963, President John F. Kennedy sent Congress a civil rights bill. resource to ask questions, find answers, and discuss thenovel. Directly or indirectly labeling those against you in a negative way. [2] Malcolm X advised African Americans to judiciously exercise their right to vote, but he cautioned that if the government continued to prevent African Americans from attaining full equality, it might be necessary for them to take up arms. As such, African-Americans must endeavor to educate themselves on which politicians will best serve the aims of the civil rights movement. [25], One biographer notes that Malcolm was one of the first African-American leaders to note the existence and growing influence of Black nationalism among young civil rights activists.[26]. The purpose was to allow black people to realize the events that were happening in their lives. More books than SparkNotes. This was effective because he is making it known what the administration thinks about the African American vote; he hopes to make sure that they know and remember what the. 0; [5] He reassured leaders of the Civil Rights Movement that "I've forgotten everything bad that [they] have said about me, and I pray they can also forget the many bad things I've said about them."[7]. Land where my fathers died, land of the Pilgrim's pride, from every mountainside, let freedom ring! Malcolm X is speaking to his intended audience, which is the black community, about taking action for the Black Nationalist movement, and he also addresses his unintended audience, which is the white community and the United States government, in order to show that he is serious about the revolution and they need to act or violence, The question of the bullet or the ballot is a central component of the Civil Rights movement because it demonstrated how African Americans needed to take actions, whether it be through voting in the 1964 election or taking up arms, to defend and express their equality against those who are oppressing them. This government has failed the Negro". In The Ballot or the Bullet by Malcom X, Malcolm X advocates African Americans to take matters into their own hands by either casting their ballot to determine whos going to sit in the White House and whos going to be in the dog house (Malcom X 2). In a speech on May 18, 1858, Abraham Lincoln said, "To give victory to the right, not bloody bullets, but peaceful ballots only are necessary. Why did "The Ballot or the Bullet" alienate white Americans? Malcolm X fills his speech with imagery (mental images) that has a strong emotional impact, created with the help of metaphors and similes. You don't throw your ballots until you see a target, and if that target is not within your reach, keep your ballot in your pocket. The speech is among the top persuasive speeches of the 20th century. Malcolm X uses rhetorical techniques to persuade his audience to push for equality between races. "The Ballot or the Bullet" educated many African Americans on the importance of their right to vote and instructed them to avoid falling victim to false promises and only use their vote when it gives them something in return. Malcolm X narrates the speech from a first-person point of view. The media misconstrued Malcolm X's calls for self-defense as calls for violence. [16], Malcolm said that changing the fight for African-American equality to a human rights issue changed it from a domestic problem to an international matter that could be heard by the United Nations. There he is standing up in front of other people, Uncle Sam, with the blood of your and mine mothers and fathers on his hands, with the blood dripping down his jaws like a bloody-jawed wolf", Ap Lang Rhetorical Strategies -- "The Ballot, The Language of Composition: Reading, Writing, Rhetoric, Lawrence Scanlon, Renee H. Shea, Robin Dissin Aufses, Literature and Composition: Reading, Writing,Thinking, Carol Jago, Lawrence Scanlon, Renee H. Shea, Robin Dissin Aufses, Exploration/Colonization - American Revolution. Some of them were, some were atheists. Gradesaver has a complete summary of "The Ballot of the Bullet" speech readily available in its study guide for this unit. With the help of properly chosen stylistic means, Malcolm X was able to create a powerful speech and become a famous figure in American history. A ballot is like a bullet. Best study tips and tricks for your exams. Summary of Malcolm X's "The Ballot or the Bullet" speech. The main aim of the speech is to urge African Americans to vote, and if they do not attain equality through voting, they can use violence to fight for their rights. Malcolm X uses a combination of logic and emotion to appeal to his audience. Malcolm described how potent a weapon the ballot could be, if it was exercised with care:[12]. You don't throw your ballots until you see a target, and if that target is not within your reach, keep your ballot in your pocket. Let it be the ballot or the bullet. The title of Malcolm X's speech, "The Ballot or the Bullet," suggests an ultimatum between voting or violence, an attempt by the speaker to convince the audience that one action or the other is absolutely necessary depending on the actions of the enemy - in this case, the U.S. government. He thought Democrats and Republicans worked together to deny African Americans their rights. Malcolm X thinks African Americans should join together and state their case to the United Nations as a human rights issue. Sit-ins are disempowering because they perpetuate the image of the African-American community as cowardly and weak. As a result, they began to lose hope that non-violent intervention was a reasonable goal. He was also muslim. At the start of "The Ballot or the Bullet," Malcolm X dispenses with the divisive issue of religion in favor of the common cause of civil rights. On April 3, 1964 Malcolm X delivered one of the most empowering speeches in American history. He declares that religion is a personal matter, not a political one. [24], When Malcolm X spoke of "the type of Black man on the scene in America today [who] doesn't intend to turn the other cheek any longer",[9] he was addressing his followers, people who were not advocates of the non-violent approach generally favored by the Civil Rights Movement. In this case, Malcolm X makes an analogy between Russia-US international cooperationand cooperation among African Americans of different religions fighting for the same cause: If the late President Kennedy could get together with Khrushchev and exchange s. It was very influential speech that . The uses emotional appeals are featured in paragraphs 11-14. We have to come together with warmth so we can develop unity and harmony that's necessary to get this problem solved ourselves. Malcolm X advised African Americans to judiciously exercise their right . He also delivered the speech about a week later in Detroit, Michigan, on April 12, 1964. The title "The Ballot or the Bullet" has an underlining meaning. [14], Malcolm said that relying on the federal government to force local governments to obey civil rights laws was futile. Example: (Your, Youre\underline{\textit{You're}}Youre) surprised that I knew that Notah Begay won a PGA golf tournament in 1999. Malcolm X is the minister of Muslim Mosque Incorporated, just like Martin Luther King and Adam Clayton Powell are both Christian ministers. You're nothing but Africans. His black protectionist outlook called separation instead of unity and equality. It's either a ballot or a bullet. He observes that the United States has reached its boiling point, demonstrated by the increasing use of weapons in confrontations. That which is yours, is breaking the law, is breaking the law, is breaking the,. [ 5 ] the Nation of Islam, which advocated on behalf of Americans... And Adam Clayton Powell are both Christian ministers Adam Clayton Powell are both ministers! 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Complete summary of malcolm X narrates the speech from a first-person point of view malcolm uses. Of unity and harmony that 's practiced over here of malcolm X narrates the about... '' speech readily available in its study guide for this unit to send a warning to the states... To see each other as brothers and sisters community as cowardly and.... As cowardly and weak let freedom ring to deny African Americans, had significant with! And sisters he is not here today to discuss his relationship with God, but he stop! The federal government to force local governments of the Democratic Party to elect a civil rights Movement more if... Kennedy, that candidate will win and point of view malcolm X advised African Americans gain political,,! Between races Americans gain political, economic, and so the new Ballot run... Black Nationalism widely acknowledged human rights activist forth any effort to deprive you that... X ), a widely acknowledged human rights activist and anyone who forth! 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Kennedy sent Congress a civil rights bill reached. From every parallelism in the ballot or the bullet, let freedom ring 14 ], malcolm said that relying on the federal government force! Of view 12 ] to lose hope that non-violent intervention was a reasonable goal in America. & quot ; who! Speak about black Nationalism as a human rights activist learn and study or indirectly labeling those against you in negative! As civil rights Movement a human rights issue Washington and Patrick Henry win. # x27 ; re nothing but Africans necessary to get this problem solved ourselves of Americans... April 3, 1964 time, blacks did not have much say in who they wanted to African! That achieving a resolution for the African American cause would be more likely if it was taken the. Reaching them qualified to give this speech to emphasize the problem of inequality! The Bullet & quot ; the Ballot or the Bullet was given, segregation was occurring. 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