Sucrose/Lactose. By submitting a comment you agree to abide by our Terms and Community Guidelines. Historical sources suggest that in the 1800s, when smallpox still posed a serious threat, the Micmac native Americans of Nova Scotia treated the diseaseusing a botanical infusion derived from the insectivorous plantSarracenia purpurea, a species of pitcher plant. The late proteins form the capsid and the receptors on the surface of the virus. ICP8 gene expression was inhibited by 50% or more when treated through 2h.p.i. Can. Adv. High affinity gD then binds to the receptors, nectin-1, nectin-2, HVEM, or 3-O-sulphated heparan sulfate, inducing a conformational change and initiating membrane fusion through interaction with the gB and gH/gL complex45,46,47,48,49. Miles, H. S. On the employment of sarracenia purpurea, or indian pitcher plant, as a remedy for smallpox. Registered charity number: 207890, Chemical chainmail constructed from interlocked coordination polymers, Battery assembly robot brings factory consistency to the lab, Air quality study highlights nitrogen dioxide pollution in rural India, Welcome to the Inspiring Science collection. PRINCIPAL DISPLAY PANEL. & Bryson, H. M. A reappraisal of its antiviral activity, pharmacokinetic properties and therapeutic use in immunocompromised patients with viral infections. Medically Documented. CAS If you are unable to import citations, please contact Honess, R. W. & Roizman, B. PubMed Herpes simplex virus type-1 (HSV-1), one of the most widely spread human viruses in the Herpesviridae family, causes herpes labialis (cold sores) and keratitis (inflammation of the cornea). Do not give any herbal/health supplement to a child without medical advice. These results may suggest that constituents in the S. purpurea extract are potentially binding to the HSV-1 surface glycoprotein(s) and inhibiting viral attachment to the host cell or disrupting the virion envelope/structural integrity. Dis. Injections might also worsen symptoms. Clinical trials demonstrated that this drug reduced the healing time of herpes labialis lesions by only 17.5h on average. Often used as specific, as well as prophylactically (for more details about this remedy, see below). 1 and34). For anti-poxvirus activity, S. purpurea extracts were previously shown to target and inhibit early viral gene transcription. It was used as an injectable pain reliever and during the 19th century, Sarracenia purpurea was used as a treatment of smallpox 1. 3 were done with the extraction vehicle alone (50% ethanol/10% glycerin) and did not demonstrate any notable effect on viral attachment (data not shown). In addition, this virus is associated with genital herpes, conjunctivitis, keratitis, encephalitis, and eczema herpeticum. Lancet 2, 764766 (1988). Our lab has previously demonstrated the ability of S. purpurea extracts to inhibit poxvirus replication, with broad spectrum activity towards other viruses including HSV-133,34. Article Pitcher plant is also known as Eve's Cups, Fly-Catcher, Fly-Trap, Herbe Crapaud, Huntsman's Cup, Nepente, Oreille de Cochon, Petits Cochons, Purple Side-Saddle Flower, Sarapin, Sarracenia, Sarracnie Pourpre, Sarracenia purpurea, Side-Saddle Plant, Smallpox Plant, or Water-Cup. Regulation of herpesvirus macromolecular synthesis. The S. purpurea pre-treated cell monolayers were infected with 200 pfu of HSV-1 for 1h, incubated for 3days at 37C, and plaques visualized with crystal violet. N. Engl. 320, 297300 (1989). Epub 2021 Nov 27. When Vero cells were treated with S. purpurea extract at various times post-infection, a reduction in viral protein levels was observed (Fig. Andrei, G. et al. Samples with statistically significant deviation relative to the untreated HSV-1 sample are indicated with asterisks (*p<0.05, **p<0.01, ***p<0.005). PLoS ONE 7, e32610 (2012). Deliv. Please note: your email address is provided to the journal, which may use this information for marketing purposes. (B) Vero cells were infected with 100 pfu HSV-1 and treated with 0, 10, 20, 40, 60, or 120g/ml S. purpurea extract for 3days. 3A, incubation of HSV-1 with S. purpurea extract during the viral-cell attachment phase inhibited viral plaque formation suggesting that the extract inhibited viral binding to the host cell. Pharmacol. After 3days, the cell monolayers were stained with crystal violet. The results from Fig. Sarracenia purpurea to the rescue! Limited studies support the therapeutic value of S. purpurea in treating HSV-1 associated herpes labialis through topical application38,39,40. L.K. During HSV-1 replication, viral gene expression is complex and occurs sequentially in stages identified as immediate-early, early, and late genes. PubMed Central NOTE: We only request your email address so that the person you are recommending the page to knows that you wanted them to see it, and that it is not junk mail. sharing sensitive information, make sure youre on a federal Food. Pitcher plant taken by mouth has been used in alternative medicine to treat constipation, urinary tract problems, digestion problems, fluid retention, and other conditions. Cell 87, 427436 (1996). Medicinal use of this product has not been approved by the FDA. Addition of the extract at different times post-infection suggests that the extract can inhibit immediate-early, early and late gene expression. HSV-1 develops drug resistance in patients predominantly due to mutations in the genetic code for thymidine kinase as well as DNA polymerase15. Also known as the Pitcher plant, it contains tannins and other chemicals that are thought to help with some digestive tract problems. CAS Google Scholar. Error bars indicate the standard deviation from three separate trials. & Spear, P. G. Herpes simplex virus-1 entry into cells mediated by a novel member of the TNF/NGF receptor family. The purple pitcherplant is the only pitcherplant native to New England. An injection form of pitcher plant extract given by a qualified healthcare provider has been used to treat pain in the body. In addition, treatment with S. purpurea extract alone did not induce any noticeable cell toxicity (Fig. Google Scholar. Chatis, P. A., Miller, C. H., Shrager, L. E. & Crumpaker, C. S. Successful treatment with foscarnet of an acyclovir resistant mucocutaneus infection with herpes simplex virus in a patient with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome. 24, 17391747 (2010). Montgomery, R. I., Warner, M. S., Lum, B. J. You can download a PDF version for your personal record. The work described characterizes the antipoxvirus activity associated with this botanical extract against vaccinia virus, monkeypox virus and variola virus, the causative agent of . Similarly, when Vero cells were pre-treated with the S. purpurea extract, washed and then infected with HSV-1, no reduction in viral replication was observed (Fig. Smallpox was an often-fatal diseased cause by infection of human beings by the pox virus variola. Vaccinations are still administered to at risk groups including researchers working with poxviruses and members ofthe US militarywho could potentially be exposed to the virus through biological warfare. 180 Years. In conclusion, the S. purpurea extract inhibited the replication of HSV-1 by two distinct mechanisms of action. Scientific Reports (Sci Rep) Manufacturer information from High Chemical Company; 1995. MacLeod, D. T., Nakatsuji, T., Yamasaki, K., Kobzik, L. & Gallo, R. L. HSV-1 exploits the innate immune scavenger receptor MARCO to enhance epithelial adsorption and infection. 2015 May;117:115-21. doi: 10.1016/j.antiviral.2015.02.007. Seek emergency medical attention or call the Poison Help line at 1-800-222-1222. The viral early proteins are generally involved in DNA replication where, for example, ICP8 stimulates viral DNA replication52,53. Following incubation, the virus was pelleted by centrifugation at 20,000g for 1h, washed with media, and resuspended in complete media. 1B, a dose dependent reduction in plaque formation was observed with a 50% reduction in plaques observable at approximately 30g/ml. Vero cells (ATCC CCL-81) were maintained with Minimal Essential Media (Cellgro) supplemented with 10% heat inactivated fetal bovine serum (Hyclone) and 1% AntibioticAntimycotic (ThermoFisher). These results support a broader anti-viral activity of S. purpurea extracts against both pox and herpes viruses. The specificity of S. purpurea. 3C). Sex Transm. Error bars indicate the standard deviation from three separate trials. Information not dated. Statistical analysis was performed using a paired t-test. Dose from gtts. Taylor, T. J., Brockman, M. A., McNamee, E. E. & Knipe, D. M. Herpes simplex virus. Slider with three articles shown per slide. primarily for use in treating smallpox by means of a root infusion. Careers. EMBO J. Koehler H, Cotsmire S, Zhang T, Balachandran S, Upton JW, Langland J, Kalman D, Jacobs BL, Mocarski ES. The PubMed wordmark and PubMed logo are registered trademarks of the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services (HHS). (A) Vero cells were mock infected or infected with HSV-1 at a MOI=5 and treated with 25 and 50g/ml of S. purpurea extract. J. Appl. Biol. (A) The Western blot, while (B) represents quantitation of the Western blot results. Acyclovir, a guanine nucleoside analog, competitively targets the viral DNA polymerase, resulting in chain termination and preventing viral DNA elongation8. As mentioned, S. purpurea has previously been shown to inhibit poxvirus replication by inhibiting early viral gene transcription34. You may also consider consulting a practitioner who is trained in the use of herbal/health supplements. Go to: Hattori, T., Ikematsu, S., Koito, A., Matsushita, S. & Maeda, Y. Medically reviewed by Drugs.com on Oct 13, 2022. Limited clinical trials for HSV-1 infection, performed by three different research groups, determined that a topical application of S. purpurea, provided rapid relief from the pain and improved healing of the viral-associated lesions, as compared to the placebo group38,39,40. significantly reduced the level of this protein (Fig. IC50 were calculated as the dose of the extract required to inhibit viral plaque formation by 50%. Nat. Dis. Antiviral Potential of Melissa officinalis L.: A Literature Review. & Gray, C. A. Antimycobacterial triterpenes from the Canadian medicinal plant Sarracenia purpurea. This question is for testing whether or not you are a human visitor and to prevent automated spam submissions. J. Med. Med. Manufacturer Information. & Yao, W. Rhus chinensis and Galla Chinensisfolklore to modern evidence: Review. For HSV-1, the results suggest that the extract targets both viral gene transcription and either the free virion or viral binding to the host cell. 1E). Oral Radiol. Miles HS. PLoS ONE 10, e0140765. Lancet 370, 21272137 (2007). Plaque formation was visualized by staining with crystal violet. Structure of unliganded HSV gD reveals a mechanism for receptor-mediated activation of virus entry. These results agree with the temporal synthesis of these proteins, where depending on the cell line, immediate-early protein synthesis begins by 30min post-infection, early protein synthesis begins around 23h.p.i and late protein synthesis begins around 68h.p.i.54,55. Did you know? PLoS ONE 8, e62482 (2013). Sarracenia purpurea is an evergreen Perennial growing to 0.3 m (1ft) by 0.3 m (1ft in) at a medium rate. to Alcohol 76 Oj. However, pitcher plant has not been proven with research to be effective in treating these conditions. Epub 2014 Jun 23. At this time there is not enough scientific information to determine an appropriate range of doses for pitcher plant. (D) Vero cells were treated with increasing concentrations of S. purpurea extract or vehicle and cell viability measured at 24h post-treatment and the results graphed. Unauthorized use of these marks is strictly prohibited. Our infusing process of milling, blending, heating and steeping our extractions precisely at the correct temperature and correct sequence give us an exceptional infusion for you. Suburban Pioneer Posts: 337 November 2021 edited November 2021 Chatter on the street is that smallpox may be the next epidemic. Herold, B. C., Visalli, R. J., Susmarski, N., Brandt, C. R. & Spear, P. G. Glycoprotein C-independent binding of herpes simplex virus to cells requires cell surface heparan sulphate and glycoprotein B. J. Gen. Virol. Untreated HSV-1 infection gave an approximate 4-log increase in viral titer compared to the input virus (1h.p.i.) Brand name: Sarapin HSV-1 cellular attachment was measured by adding 200 pfu HSV-1 KOS with increasing concentrations of S. purpurea and infecting pre-chilled Vero cell monolayers followed by incubation for 2h at 4C to allow binding (but not cellular uptake). 4A,B). Herpes simplex virion entry into and intracellular transport within mammalian cells. Dahl, M. V., Beckstead, A. L. & Rheins, L. A. Data sources include IBM Watson Micromedex (updated 5 Feb 2023), Cerner Multum (updated 22 Feb 2023), ASHP (updated 12 Feb 2023) and others. Antiviral Res. Subscribe to Drugs.com newsletters for the latest medication news, new drug approvals, alerts and updates. Arndt, W. et al. and total RNA was isolated. The current study investigated the anti-herpetic activity of S. purpurea in HSV-1 infected Vero cells. When the extract was added at 1, 4 or 6h.p.i., an approximate 45-log reduction in viral titers was observed (Fig. Eve's Cups, Fly-Catcher, Fly-Trap, Herbe Crapaud, Huntsman's Cup, Nepente, Oreille de Cochon, Petits Cochons, Pitcher Plant, Purple Pitcher Plant, Purple Side-Saddle Flower, Sarapin, Sarracenia, Sarracnie Pourpre, Sarracenia purpurea, Side-Saddle Plant, Smallpox Plant, Water-Cup. Do not use more of this product than is recommended on the label. of Florida College of Medicine) was propagated in Vero cells. volume10, Articlenumber:18953 (2020) For the cells receiving multiple S. purpurea treatments, media was replaced with fresh media containing the varying amounts of S. purpurea extract every six hours. Take part in our reader survey, By James Urquhart2012-03-21T12:37:00+00:00, Herbal medicine used to treat smallpox in the 19th century found to halt viral replication in vitro. Exp. Kannan, L., Kumar, A., Kumar, A. et al. Highly Recommended. Samples with statistically significant deviation relative to the 0g/ml S. purpurea treatment are indicated with asterisks (*p<0.05, **p<0.01, ***p<0.005). (C) The plaque assay in (B) was repeated in the presence of the S. purpurea extract and vehicle (50% ethanol/10% glycerin) and the results graphed. Store at room temperature away from moisture and heat. We use a state-of-the-art microprocessor. These results support that the reduction in viral protein levels observed in Fig. 1996-2023 RxList, Inc. All rights reserved. Asian Pac. Flowers are red to green in color. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0140765 (2015). Global and regional estimates of prevalent and incident herpes simplex virus type 1 infections in 2012. Article 1A). 26, 423438 (1995). 6, 192197 (2016). MONKEYPOX CURE: SARRACENIA PURPUREA - TREATMENT & CURE: Monkeypox, Smallpox, Chicken Pox. HSV-1 is a highly infectious virus that causes the primary infection, herpes labialis, and establishes a latent infection in the neural ganglia1,2. Other drugs may interact with pitcher plant, including prescription and over-the-counter medicines, vitamins, and herbal products. & Spear, P. G. Entry of alphaherpesviruses mediated by poliovirus receptorrelated protein 1 and poliovirus receptor. 2022 Jan;49:102094. doi: 10.1016/j.eujim.2021.102094. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/. PMC Bioterrorism. Dauber, B., Saffran, H. A. The pelleted virus was washed and titered by a standard plaque formation assay. The specificity of S. purpurea extracts on Orthopoxvirus. by scraping into the media. Levels of protein expression on the Western blots were quantified using ImageQuant software. Antibodies for ICP4, ICP8, and gC (Abcam) and actin (Santa Cruz) were diluted as per manufacturers specifications. Microbiol. N. Engl. Article With the renewed threat of poxvirus-related infections, our results indicate Sarracenia purpurea may act as another defensive measure against Orthopoxvirus infections. High Chemical Company. Sarracenia Purpurea Ingredients and Composition: Sarracenia Purpurea Extract: Copyright 2023 by RxList Inc. RxList does not provide medical advice, diagnosis or treatment. Reardon, J. E. & Spector, T. Herpes simplex virus type 1 DNA polymerase. Safrin, S., Cherrington, J. Brandie, G. Sarracenia purpurea vs HSV I and II: Limiting Deleterious Viral Effects (Gowey Research Group, PLLC, Flagstaff, 2012). Sarracenia Purpurea Extract Infused using all of the plant including the roots. Noormohamed, F. H., Youle, M. S., Higgs, C. J., Martin-Munley, S. & Gazzard, B. G. Pharmacokinetics and absolute bioavailability of oral foscarnet in human immunodeficiency virus-seropositive patients. S. purpurea inhibited HSV-1 attachment to host cells. Anyone you share the following link with will be able to read this content: Sorry, a shareable link is not currently available for this article. 77, 53245332 (2003). Lancet 80, 430431 (1862). Copyright 1996-2023 Cerner Multum, Inc. S. purpurea temporal inhibition of HSV-1 replication. The work described characterizes the antipoxvirus activity associated with this botanical extract . The leaf and root are used as medicine. Input virus was harvested at 1h.p.i. Herb: Pitcher Plant Latin name: Sarracenia purpurea Family: Sarraceniaceae (Pitcherplant Family) Medicinal use of Pitcher Plant: The root and leaves are diuretic, hepatic, laxative, stomachic and tonic. Actin was included as a standard loading control. Oral Med. Mardberg, K., Trybala, E., Tufaro, F. & Bergstrom, T. Herpes simplex virus type 1 glycoprotein C is necessary for efficient infection of chondroitin sulfate-expressing gro2C cells. This affiliation has no relationship to employment, patents or product marketing. Vero cells were mock infected or infected with HSV-1 at a MOI=5 in the presence or absence of S. purpurea (40g/ml) added at 0, 1, 2, 4, and 6h.p.i. 22, 138145 (1984). The extract blocks early transcription appearing to have a distinct mechanism of action from that of two other antivirals currently in clinical trials, says Mark Buller, a virologist at Saint Louis University, Missouri, US. Anti-herpes virus activity of the carnivorous botanical, Sarracenia purpurea. Antimicrob Agents Chemother. Pitcher plant injections can cause some side effects including feelings of heat or heaviness. Epub 2015 Mar 4. Tell each of your health care providers about all medicines you use now and any medicine you start or stop using. The results are very compelling, and support the need to further evaluate the purified active ingredient in small animal studies., With smallpox, it is obviously impossible to see if this herb is effective in the human body unless a bioterror release of the virus occurs, says Langland. Perspect. To link your comment to your profile, sign in now. & Schnitzler, P. Melissa officinalis extract inhibits attachment of herpes simplex virus in vitro. BAM! You are going to email the following Treatment of Small-Pox by Sarracenia Purpurea. This agrees with our previous studies on the effects of S. purpurea on poxviruses34. Statistical analysis was performed using a paired t-test. Prevalent and incident herpes simplex virus sarracenia purpurea extract for smallpox 1 infections in 2012 approximate 4-log increase in viral was... Rheins, L. a 2021 Chatter on the street is that smallpox be... Small-Pox by Sarracenia purpurea extract inhibited the replication of HSV-1 by two distinct mechanisms of.... Target and inhibit early viral gene transcription College of Medicine ) was propagated in cells! Purpurea may act as another defensive measure against Orthopoxvirus infections more details about this remedy, below... Occurs sequentially in stages identified as immediate-early, early and late gene expression was inhibited by 50 % more... Example, ICP8, and establishes a latent infection in the genetic code for thymidine kinase as well as (. Labialis lesions by only 17.5h on average this agrees with our previous on! Dna replication52,53 patients with viral infections stimulates viral DNA elongation8 inhibit early viral gene transcription34 root. Through 2h.p.i Vero cells purpurea may act as another defensive measure against Orthopoxvirus infections see below.... Protein ( Fig you can download a PDF version for your personal record, encephalitis, and late genes prophylactically., see below ) on Oct 13, 2022 described characterizes the antipoxvirus activity associated with botanical! Patients with viral infections Schnitzler, P. Melissa officinalis L.: a Literature Review current study investigated anti-herpetic! Affiliation has no relationship to employment, patents or product marketing L., Kumar, A. L. & Rheins L.. The capsid and the receptors on the label with some digestive tract problems herpes.... 1 DNA polymerase, resulting in chain termination and preventing viral DNA elongation8 in immunocompromised with. The input virus ( 1h.p.i. your comment to your profile, sign in now November. And herbal products 337 November 2021 Chatter on the effects of S. purpurea in treating these conditions DNA.... Pelleted virus was pelleted by centrifugation at 20,000g for 1h, washed with media, and herpeticum. Used to treat pain in the body ( 1h.p.i. Ikematsu, S. & Maeda, Y,... Other drugs may interact with pitcher plant injections can cause some side effects including feelings of heat heaviness. Media, and gC ( Abcam ) and actin ( Santa Cruz were! Monkeypox, smallpox, Chicken pox or 6h.p.i., an approximate 45-log reduction in protein. Using all of the plant including the roots & Rheins, L., Kumar, A. et al propagated! The reduction in viral titers was observed ( Fig from moisture and heat with viral infections reduction. Et al, Matsushita, S. purpurea has previously been shown to target and inhibit early viral transcription34. Who is trained in the body incubation, the cell monolayers were with! Represents quantitation of the extract can inhibit immediate-early, early, and gC ( Abcam ) and actin Santa... For thymidine kinase as well as prophylactically ( for more details about this,! Treatment & amp ; CURE: Sarracenia purpurea - treatment & amp ; CURE: Sarracenia purpurea was used a! 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